General Jackson returned two years later saying the U.S. would be willing to buy or trade the Chickasaw land in western Tennessee and Kentucky for land to the west. Jackson said if they refused, the land would be taken from them. Some of the leadership still resisted. But ultimately, on October 19, 1818, the Chickasaws accepted $20,000 per year for 15 years and the U.S. agreed to pay off certain debts. This treaty (and the 1816 Treaty of the Council House) established the requirement that Chickasaws receive cash, not goods, in exchange for their land. As a result, a census was created to enable annuity payments to families.
All that remained of the once vast Chickasaw Homeland was areas in northeastern Mississippi and a small tract—less than half a million acres—in northwestern Alabama. Over the next ten years, the U.S. kept up its demands for more land cessions.